Good Agriculture Practices

husbandry AND MAN PRT2008 (KUMP 45) cheeseparing AGRICULTURE PRACTICES (GAP) IN MALAYSIA PROF . ZAHARAH ABDUL RAHMAN GROUP MEMBERS NORAFIZZA BT MAHAT NUR AMIRA HANIM BT AZMAN CHAN WEE ANN LIEW HUI QING JIVITHA THANARAJAN 169797 168494 169638 168358 161812 INTRODUCTION The term unassailable Agri pagan Practices (GAP) can refer to any aggregation of specific methods, which when substance ab do to agriculture, produce results that be in harmony with the levers of the proponents of those commits. There atomic number 18 numerous competing definitions of what methods constitute hot Agricultural Practices, so whether a practice can be onsidered good will depend on the standards you atomic number 18 applying. Lets us look at one particular definition of Good Agricultural Practices as defined by the Food and Agriculture presidential term (FAO) of the United Nations Description of the UN FAO GAPs i) Good Agricultural Practices are a collection of principles to apply fo r on- advance production and post-production processes, resulting in safe and healthy food and non-food upgradeing(a) products, while taking into account sparingal, social and environmental sustainability. ii) GAPs may be applied to a wide range of farming systems and at divergent scales.They are applied through sustainable agricultural methods, such as integrated pest commission, integrated fertilizer management and conservation agriculture. GOOD AGRICULTURE PRACTICES IN MALAYSIA 1. Animal health ? Prevent the spread of illness onto the farm Animals that are identified of their disease status can scarcely be allowed to be brought onto the farm. Cattle transport on and off the farm that do not carry any disease have to be ensured. The farm must have secure boundaries/fencing. If possible, limit access of multitude and wildlife into the farm. harbour a flea reckon programme for the livestock. Only handling calorie- justify people equipment from the right and safe blood. ? design only prescribed chemicals and veterinary surgeon medicines for farm usage utilise chemicals according to instructions with appropriate dosages and note desirable withholding periods. Only use prescribed veterinary medicines by veterinarians and observe specified withholding periods. Store chemicals and veterinary medicines securely and dispose of them properly. ? track people fittingly Have procedures in check for detecting and discourse sick animals and veterinary chemicals. Make sure all people are undergo sufficient training to carry out their tasks correctly. Choose reliable sources for advice. 2. Milking hygiene ? mark off milking procedures do not injure cows or contaminate the produced milk encounter suitable udder preparation for milking. Ensure consistency in application of milking techniques. Isolate milk from sick or treated animals. Ensure milking equipment is correctly installed and maintained. Ensure enough supply of disinvest uri ne ? Ensure milking is carried out under hygienic conditions Ensure living accommodations environment is clean at all times. Ensure milking area is unbroken clean. Ensure the milkers follow basic hygiene rules. 3. Animal feeding and urine ? Ensure animal feed and irrigate are of advanced take aim of whole tone Keeping animals healthy with high quality feed. Prevent water supplies and animal feed materials from chemical pollution. Avoid chemical contamination imputable to farming practices. ? determine storage conditions of feed No microbiological or toxin contamination or undesirable use of prohibited feed ingredients or veterinary preparations. Keeping animals healthy with good quality feed. 4. Animal welfare Animals are free from thirst, hunger and malnutrition cater enough feed (forage and/or fodder) and water daily. Control stocking rates and/or supplementary feeding to ensure sufficient water, feed and fodder supply. Protect animals from toxic fixs and othe r harmful substances. Provide water supplies of good quality that are regularly inspected and maintained. ? Animals are free from pain, injury and disease Have an effective herd health management programme in place and inspect animals regularly. Protect against imbalance. Lactating animals should be milked regularly. Avoid using procedures and practices that cause unnecessary pain to the animals. 5. Environment ? Have a correct waste management system. Ensure wastes are stored to void the risk of environmental pollution to the lowest take. Manage grassland to prevent outgoing runoff by spreading farm manures appropriate with local condition. ? Ensure dairy farming practices do not have an adverse impact on the local environment put on chemicals (fertilizers, agricultural and veterinary chemicals, pesticides, etc) appropriately to avoid contamination of the local environment. Ensure overall appearance of the dairy farming operation is appropriate for a facility in which h igh quality food is produced 6. Integrated Pest solicitude (IPM) ?Takes into account the ecological factors and plant biology to minimize pest tribe to a minimum level without causing economic loss. Biological Control Pest control refers to the use of natural enemies that can influence growth, breeding and control of the pest population at a balance level. Cultural Control Cultural control is an agronomic practice used by farmers to increase their production.The avocations are examples of cultural practices a. Adopt and practice field hygiene, including in the surrounding areas, such as weeding and disposal of agricultural wastes (collect and destroy rotten fruits and diseased plant parts) b. Use of disease free planting materials c. S oil treatment equivalent liming d. clip of pest infected plant parts e. Crop rotary motion f. plow g. Use of resistant varieties h. Water management i. Selection of suitable sites j. Use of positive fertilizers to improve soil structure and soil Chemical Control 1.Chemical control covers the use of the following chemicals i. Pesticides ii. Biopesticides like azadirachtin and Bacillus thuringiensis 2. Chemical attractants like i. Pheromones ii. Protein bait 3. The use of chemicals must be based on the following factors i. Chemicals are used only when the pest population had reached or exceeded the economic threshold value ii. Do not use broad spectrum pesticides iii. If pesticides are to be used, the usage shall be minimum and environmentally friendly iv. The use of pesticides should be the last alternative for pest control deterrent examples of Integrated Pest Management i. Pest Control for Bananas (Moko disease and Panama wilt) a. Use of disease free plantlets sourced through tissue culture and treatment of the planting materials if not sourced by tissue culture b. Monitoring and destruction of diseased plants c. Crop rotation and follow d. Farm equipments should be treated and free from pests before use e. Good dra inage f. Prevention by spraying benomyl Control of Tungro (Penyakit Merah Virus) of rice paddy a. Inspection of disease and vectors b. Planting of resistant varieties c. Simultaneous planting d.Eliminate source of disease and alternative hosts e. Good drainage and land preparation f. Use certified paddy seeds g. Use of pesticides to control vector (Nephotettix virescens) when there is an eructation of the disease h. Implement the recommended fertilizer programme 7. Site Management The farm should have a Crop-Soil Suitability Map, for the following purposesa. To ensure only crops which are suitable are planted in the farm. b. To identify the types of soil limitations and to cast off suggestions on their remedial actions for optimum crop production c. To obtain high and quality yield, e. g. ased on topography and agroclimatic zone, mango is suitable for planting in the States of Kedah, Perlis and Melaka. Factors interpreted into consideration for evaluating CropSoil Suitability ar e a. Depth of soil b. Depth to dit sulphate layer c. Drainage d. Nutrient content e. Thickness of organic horizon f. Salinity g. Slope h. Soil texture/structure i. Stoniness dry land Management Terrace Example of A Corporation Which Practices GAP Example of A Corporation Which Practices GAP Sime Darby orchard possess a arduous commitment to sustainable development as shown through its plantation business. Sime Darby Plantation is one member of the Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and has espouse the best of industrial techniques into its daily operations. Sime Darby Plantation acts as an industry leader in Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). The good agriculture practices implemented by Sime Darby are as follows i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. Land management Water management adjust burning replanting technique Integrated pest management Palm oil mill effluent treatment system High conservation value forest in the estates Biodiversity Quality assurance THANK YOU